Download Historical Evolution Toward Achieving Ultrahigh Vacuum in by Nagamitsu Yoshimura PDF
By Nagamitsu Yoshimura
This publication describes the developmental historical past of the vacuum procedure of the transmission electron microscope (TEM) on the Japan Electron Optics Laboratory (JEOL) from its inception to its use in today’s high-technology microscopes. the writer and his colleagues have been engaged in constructing vacuum know-how for electron microscopes (JEM sequence) at JEOL for a few years. This quantity offers a precis and rationalization in their paintings and the know-how that makes attainable a fresh ultrahigh vacuum.
The average clients of the TEM are top-level researchers operating on the frontiers of latest fabrics or with new organic specimens. they typically use the TEM less than super serious stipulations, with difficulties occasionally taking place within the vacuum procedure of the microscopes. JEOL engineers then needs to paintings as fast as attainable to enhance the vacuum evacuation procedure as a way to hinder the recurrence of such difficulties. one of the wealth of explanatory fabric during this e-book are examples of clients’ stories of difficulties within the vacuum method of the JEM, reminiscent of the incidence of a micro-discharge and the back-streaming of the diffusion pump (DP) oil vapor.
This paintings is a priceless source for researchers who use the transmission electron microscope and for engineers and scientists drawn to its technology.
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Extra resources for Historical Evolution Toward Achieving Ultrahigh Vacuum in JEOL Electron Microscopes
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9 Microdischarges under about 10−4 Pa on “C-1” (1st day after cleaning) without AGC (Ar-glow conditioning) near the beginning of the elapsed time. Microdischarges can be identified as voltage spikes on the chart line and on a photograph taken from the oscilloscope [6] Fig. 10 Pressure-changes in the SIP system after the insulator being heated by the filament of about 10 W. The system was continuously evacuated by the SIP (160 L/s). 10. Microdischarges are enhanced by the outgassing from the insulator.
Our conclusion was that the DC-705 should not be applied to the DPs for JEMs. And we ascertained the extreme low vapor pressure of polyphenylether at room temperature. 2 Perfluoropolyether A paper by Ambrose et al. [9] presented the reduction of polymer growth in an EM by using a fluorocarbon-oxide pump fluid, as follows [9]. The microscope was evacuated by untrapped rotary and diffusion pumps(RP and DP). Initially the RP was charged with a mineral oil (Shell) and the DP (76 mm diameter) with Apiezon B.
3 Cryogenic EM The helium (He)-stage received high evaluation after the superfluidity He-stage was developed 1986 with co-operation of Prof. Y. Fujiyoshi and JEOL. Prof. Y. Fujiyoshi and JEOL took notice that when the specimen was kept at cryogenic temperature the damage the specimen received when being illuminated with an electron beam 20 2 History of JEOL Electron Microscopes Fig. 5 JEM-ARM1300, by courtesy of JEOL Co. Ltd [16] was much reduced, and developed the superfluidity He-stage for construction analysis of biological specimen.