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By Sebastian Oberthür, Thomas Gehring, Oran R. Young
The 1st large-scale, systematic research of the way interplay between overseas associations impacts international environmental governance, with a conceptual framework and ten case stories.
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Extra resources for Institutional interaction in global environmental governance: synergy and conflict among international and EU policies
Example text
Thus, 28 Sebastian Oberthu¨r and Thomas Gehring actors may anticipate adverse effects of the climate change regime on biodiversity and may respond to them before they materialize because the climate change regime establishes incentives that can be expected to lead to relevant behavioral changes. Response action would then indicate effects that are not yet empirically observable, but sufficiently well established to provide the foundation for additional decisions. Identifying a causal relationship between two international or EU institutions is, at least implicitly, based on counterfactual arguments.
This is an important and well-known method for establishing causality in the social sciences (Tetlock and Belkin 1996; Bierstecker 1993). However, the usefulness and reliability of counterfactual scenarios decrease sharply with the length of the causal chains in question because of the increasing number of intervening factors that have to be taken into consideration. Consider that the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) arguably contributed to the bipolar stability of the world order between 1950 and 1990, facilitating prosperous economic development in particular in the OECD part of the world.
2004. The Regime Complex for Plant Genetic Resources. International Organization 58 (2): 277–309. Rittberger, Volker, ed. 1993. Regime Theory and International Relations. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Rosendal, G. Kristin. 2000. The Convention on Biological Diversity and Developing Countries. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. Rosendal, G. Kristin. 2001. Impacts of Overlapping International Regimes: The Case of Biodiversity. Global Governance 7 (1): 95–117. Stokke, Olav Schram. 2001a. The Interplay of International Regimes: Putting Effectiveness Theory to Work.