Download Japanese Castles 1540-1640 (Fortress, Volume 5) by Stephen Turnbull PDF
By Stephen Turnbull
The panorama of sixteenth- and 17th-century Japan was once ruled via the smooth and implementing castles built through the robust ‘daimyo' of the interval. during this the main turbulent period in jap background, those militarily refined buildings supplied strongholds for the consolidation and regulate of territory, and unavoidably they grew to become the focal point for plenty of of the good sieges of jap historical past: Nagashino (1575), Kitanosho (1583), Odawara (1590), Fushimi (1600), Osaka (1615) and Hara (1638), the final of the battles that introduced an finish to a interval of severe civil warfare. This identify strains their improvement from the earliest bushes stockades to the monstrous constructions that ruled the nice centres of Osaka and Edo.
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Additional info for Japanese Castles 1540-1640 (Fortress, Volume 5)
Example text
Its primitive cousin, bombardment by crossbows and catapults, has a much longer history, but accounts of their use in Japan are sparse. Both forms of missile weapons seem to have been used during sieges, primarily as anti-personnel weapons and secondarily as incendiary deliverers, with wall-breaking only a minor consideration. Crossbows passed out of use late in the 12th century. The catapults used were Chinese-style traction trebuchets, and in fact the best account of their use, which dates horn 1468, describes them throwing soft-cased exploding bombs not against a yamashiro's castle walls but against the samurai defending the rudimentary palisades set up during the Onin War.
When the work was completed, it had to be reported to Hojo Ujikuni, and if he was away from the castle for any reason, it had to be reported to the appointed official. If a single person failed to perform his duty, a punishment was imposed on the whole company. Care had to be taken regarding the materials used for castle repair, and the members of the company itself had to make sure that any additional labourers they brought along with them used the right materials and were not negligent. The villagers thus impressed worked from the drum of dawn to the bell of evening, both signals being given from the castle tower.
The result would be that one section of the castle was beginning to take its roughly final shape, surrounded by this guidance frame that looked like open wooden scaffolding. In the case of high wall sections different horizontal levels would be staggered. Great care was taken to produce as near perfect an outer surface as was possible, and if there was any danger of collapse the earth surface would be sheathed in wood. The labourers who worked on the excavation had two main tools, one for digging, an implement resembling an adze, and baskets slung on a pole between the shoulders of two men for carrying away the soil.