Download Leukotrienes: New Concepts and Targets for Therapy by M. Peters-Golden (auth.), Dr Ian Rodger, Dr Jack Botting, PDF

By M. Peters-Golden (auth.), Dr Ian Rodger, Dr Jack Botting, Prof. Sven-Erik Dahlén (eds.)

In the 2 a long time because the elusive "slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis" (SRS-A) used to be pointed out as a made of the motion of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme on arachidonic acid, it's been good validated that the leukotrienes are key mediators of either alIergy and irritation. Their free up through alIergen or different problem has been tested within the lungs of asthmatic matters, and size of urinary leukotriene concentrations in such sufferers has been proven to be a necessary, non­ invasive indicator. major growth has been made in the direction of the characterization of the leukotriene receptor subtypes, exemplified by means of the cloning of the LTB4 receptor past this yr. Coupled with this there was a persevered elucidation of sign transduction mechanisms underlying receptor activation. Consequent upon those advances has been the advance of effective antagonists of the CysLT receptor, J and either those and inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis have entered medical perform within the treatment of bronchial asthma. during this scientific surroundings antagonists of the CysLTJ receptor were proven to be an efficient treatment in continual asthmatics, opposed to antigen- and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, and in aspirin-intolerant asthmatics. the arrival of this new type of brokers can provide to alter the best way asthmatic sufferers are presently treated.

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In' Zor U, Naor Z. Danon A, editors Leukotrienes and Prostanoids in Health and Disease. Basel. Karger, 1989: 67-71. 27. Rovati GE, GIOvanazzi S, Mezzetti M, Nicosia S. Heterogeneity of binding sites for 3H-ICI 198,615 in human lung parenchyma. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992; 44: 1411-15. 28. Metters KM, Sawyer N, Nicholson DW. MIcrosomal glutathione S-transferase IS the predominantly leukotriene C. bindIng site in cellular membranes. J Bioi Chern. 1994; 269: 12816-23. 29. Nicholson DW, All A, Klemba MW, Munday NA, ZambonI RJ, Ford-Hutchinson AW.

A) Mixed type curve of PH] LTC,. (e) and heterologous competition curves of LTD,. (0). (8) Mixed type curve of PH] LTD,. (II) and heterologous competition curves of LTC,. (0). 1 • 'H-LTC. o LTD. 'H-LTD. o LTC. , ... '. -----~ -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 Log total cone. [M] -6 -5 RECEPTORS AND TRANSDUCTION MECHANISMS 39 Figure 3 eytosolic free Ca 2+ ([ea 2+],) elevation induced in a population of smooth muscle cells obtained from human bronchi. Effect of 30 11M histamine (A), 300 11M acetylcholine (8) and 111M LTD,.

Lavage fluids are not easy to obtain, however, with the consequence that generally only a limited number of subjects or samples has been studied. Furthermore, since the recovery of lavage fluid may differ, the true concentration of mediators is not always possible to predict 12 • It is also debatable as to what metabolites are the most suitable targets for analysis in lavage fluids. The breakdown of the mediators must be considered and, depending on the time passing between challenge and lavage, different metabolites will be present in the f1uids '2 .

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