Download MacLaurin’s Physical Dissertations by Ian Tweddle (auth.) PDF
By Ian Tweddle (auth.)
The Scottish mathematician Colin MacLaurin (1698-1746) is better recognized for constructing and lengthening Newton’s paintings in calculus, geometry and gravitation; his 2-volume paintings "Treatise of Fluxions" (1742) was once the 1st systematic exposition of Newton’s equipment. it really is popular that MacLaurin used to be presented prizes via the Royal Academy of Sciences, Paris, for his previous paintings at the collision of our bodies (1724) and the tides (1740); even though, the contents of those essays are much less regularly occurring – even supposing a few of the fabric is mentioned within the Treatise of Fluxions - and the essays themselves frequently demanding to procure. This e-book offers those very important works in translation for the 1st time, preceded by way of a translation of MacLaurin’s MA dissertation on gravity (Glasgow, 1713) which gives proof of his early learn of Newtonian ideas.
In his primarily descriptive dialogue of gravity MacLaurin levels over planetary orbits, vortices and theology. His dialogue of collisions incorporates a disputatious account of what may be understood by means of the strength of a relocating physique, a contentious subject on the time. The essay at the tides has the unique model of his celebrated theorem at the equilibrium of a spheroidal fluid mass and employs a outstanding mixture of geometry and calculus to figure out forces of appeal.
The target is to make this fabric extra quite often obtainable to researchers and scholars in arithmetic and physics, and certainly to a person with an curiosity within the historic improvement of those topics. A common creation places the works in context and provides an summary of MacLaurin's profession. every one translation is then followed by means of an advent and a sequence of notes and appendices within which person effects are analysed, either in smooth phrases and from a historic standpoint. historical past fabric is additionally supplied.
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Extra resources for MacLaurin’s Physical Dissertations
Example text
D. M. SS. Th. Professoris Primarii; NECNON Amplissimi Senatus Academici consensu, & Celeberrimæ FACUTATIS Artium Decreto: Pro Gradu Magisterii, summisque in Philosophia & Artibus liberalibus Privilegiis & Honoribus rite ac legitime consequendis, In Auditorio publico Academiæ Glasguensis, Ad diem Junii hora post meridiem, Propugnabit COLINUS McLAURIN, Scotus. Prov. 3. 19. Deus sapientia fundavit terram, stabilivit Cælos prudentia. 34 Part I. 4. MacLaurin’s Latin Text Dissertatio Philosophica, De Gravitate, aliisque viribus Naturalibus.
62 66 Notes on Part II Note on Sections I and II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Note on Section III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Note on Section IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Notice prefixed to the published version of MacLaurin’s essay (translation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. MacLaurin’s digrams from [1] . . . . . . . . .
I. Mr Leibnitz and Mr Sgravezande claim that the forces of bodies are as the products of their masses by the squares of their velocities, and that the forces of equal bodies are as the squares of their velocities. For example, if the velocities of two equal bodies are as 10 and 8, their forces must be as 100 and 64. Let us suppose therefore that two persons, one on a ship, which moves forward with a uniform motion and a velocity as 2, the other at rest on the shore, throw two equal bodies A and B with equal efforts in the direction of the motion of the ship, and that the body B which was at rest gains a Translation 57 velocity as 8.