Download Mechanics of Breathing: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and by P. T. Macklem (auth.), Andrea Aliverti, Vito Brusasco, Peter PDF

By P. T. Macklem (auth.), Andrea Aliverti, Vito Brusasco, Peter T. Macklem, Antonio Pedotti (eds.)

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Extra resources for Mechanics of Breathing: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

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1999) Evidence of skeletal muscle metabolic reserve during whole body exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:881-885 60. Dempsey JA, Sheel AW, St Croix CM, Morgan BJ (2002) Respiratory influences on sympathetic vasomotor outflow in humans. BRUSASCO Introduction The functional behavior of intrathoracic airways in vivo is characterized by a high degree of complexity derived from the interaction of several factors, including the geometry of the tracheobronchial tree, the fluid dynamics governing airflow, and the interdependence between airways and lung parenchyma.

If an effect of RMT was to attenuate exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue, it is likely that the benefit would only occur under near-maximal exercise conditions. Improvements in time to exhaustion with respiratory muscle unloading have been observed in healthy, fit subjects only at exercise intensities greater than 85o/o of V0 2max [22-24]. Interestingly, exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue also only occurred consistently at exercise intensities greater than 85o/o of vo2max [12], and the effects of respiratory muscle unloading on limb vascular resistance during exercise only occurred when the intensity exceeded 80o/o of maximum [29, 30].

From Dempsey eta!. M. A. l). What is not clear is whether the respiratory muscle metaboreflex is solely responsible for the vasoconstrictor effect of respiratory muscle work on limb muscle vasculature observed during whole body exercise. We need to determine whether this reflex is sufficiently powerful to override the local vasodilator effect from circulating metabolites, as would be present during exercise, and impede blood flow to the exercising limb. It is also likely that additional respiratory influences on sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow would be present during exercise.

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