Download Operation Solomon: The Daring Rescue of the Ethiopian Jews by Stephen Spector PDF
By Stephen Spector
"Operation Solomon" used to be the most extraordinary rescue efforts in smooth heritage, within which greater than 14,000 Ethiopian Jews have been airlifted to Israel in little greater than an afternoon. during this riveting quantity, Stephen Spector deals the definitive account of this fantastic tale, in response to over 2 hundred interviews and specific entry to personal files.
Written with the speed and immediacy of a unique, this is the dramatic tale of the rescue of the dark-skinned Jews of Ethiopia. Spector recounts how 20,000 Jews have been willingly lured from their ancestral villages to Addis Ababa, waiting for to be taken fast from there to the Holy Land. as a substitute, they turned pawns in a fight among the Israeli executive and Ethiopia's repressive dictator, who attempted to coerce Israel into promoting him guns he wanted in a wasting struggle opposed to insurgent armies. within the ensuing stalemate, the Jewish neighborhood used to be pressured to reside for almost a 12 months in squalid hovels, liable to the hazards of town, together with crime and HIV. Worse but, the approaching cave in of Addis Ababa, with the rebels last in at the capital, raised the specter of bloody highway battling or perhaps a genocidal assault at the Jews, a small minority in a country that's basically Christian and Muslim. Spector describes the demanding negotiations between Israelis, Ethiopians, and americans, which turned more and more pressing as time ran low and the risk fixed. And he highlights the key bargains and surprising setbacks that just about aborted the venture on the 11th hour, whilst Israeli jets sat at the runway in Ethiopia, ready to take the Jews to the land for which they'd yearned for generations.
Recounting the entire tale for the 1st time, Operation Solomon is a stirring account of a heroic rescue completed within the face of daunting odds.
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But when Pollack told him about the Jewish elders' request and described the deteriorating situation of the American Jews' "brothers and sisters" in the Gondar region, Shapiro and the AAEJ board of directors decided to act despite the consequences. "Do what you have to do," he told Pollack. " Shapiro did not discuss this decision with the Jewish Agency, which was responsible for immigration to Israel, or with the JDC. "There was no time," he recalled. "I was one hundred percent confident that it was right.
Then, in 1981, an AAEJ publicity campaign endangered covert Mossad rescue activities in Sudan, Israeli sources said. Two years later, the AAEJ's public references to Sudan, and their own failed rescue attempts there, almost ended the entire operation. The AAEJ ultimately reached an agreement that it would not go into Sudan again, and the Mossad would clean out the camps. 44 The AAEJ, one of the organization's officers told me later, was willing to play the role of the crazies of the Jewish advocacy groups if that was what it took to get the Ethiopian Jews to Israel.
10 Relations between the United States and Ethiopia cooled when a military junta called the Derg deposed Haile Selassie in the Revolution of 1974. The emperor had become incompetent to cope with the internal and external threats that Ethiopia faced. Washington came to disdain the new regime, however, and specifically Mengistu, who ultimately emerged as its leader, as unreconstructed Stalinists. 11 President Carter took a properly harsh view of the Derg's appalling human rights record and halted military aid to Ethiopia in 1977, when the Soviets switched sides in the Horn of Africa and armed the Ethiopians against 22 • JULY 1988-JANUARY 1990 the Somalis.