Download Optical Interconnects by Ray T. Chen PDF
By Ray T. Chen
This e-book describes absolutely embedded board point optical interconnect intimately together with the fabrication of the thin-film VCSEL array, its characterization, thermal administration, the fabrication of optical interconnection layer, and the combination of units on a versatile waveguide movie. the entire optical elements are buried inside electric PCB layers in a completely embedded board point optical interconnect. accordingly, we will be able to keep foot prints at the best actual property of the PCB and relieve packaging trouble lowered via isolating fabrication techniques. to achieve totally embedded board point optical interconnects, many obstacles have to be addressed equivalent to thin-film transmitter and detector, thermal administration, strategy compatibility, reliability, economical fabrication strategy, and simple integration. the cloth awarded ultimately will relieve such issues and make the combination of optical interconnection hugely possible. The hybrid integration of the optical interconnection layer and electric layers is ongoing.
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Extra resources for Optical Interconnects
Example text
The mold material is PDMS (Sylgard 184, Dow Corning). Prepolymer and curing agent were mixed at 1:10 ratio. Air bubbles trapped in PDMS were removed in a vacuum chamber. After removing air bubbles, PDMS was poured on the master and cured at 90◦ C in a vacuum chamber for 10 h. Surface relief structures were transferred from the master to the mold. The PDMS mold is shown in Fig. 11.
Reliability. The compatibility with the PCB process means that the OIL should be treated like a traditional electrical layer and survives harsh PCB lamination environments. Molding process or imprinting is the most suitable method for low-cost approach and manufacturability. The materials of the OIL should have well-matched thermal expansion coefficients to prevent delamination. The integration of the VCSEL and the photodetector onto the waveguide film should be easy and robust. And the integrated OIL must provide good heat sink or spreader for reliable operation of the VCSEL.
The master waveguide structure was kept at 120◦ C on a hot plate. In general, elevated temperature soften polymer. The softness ends up with smoother cutting surface. The blade was sliding down on substrate at 45◦ slope. The top-off view and surface of the mirror is shown in the Fig. 8. All waveguides were cut simultaneously by the microtome blade. 1 Introduction There are various fabricating techniques to define optical waveguide on myriads of substrates. 5: Shearing effect by micromachined Si-blade during cutting by a mask material in a vacuum chamber.