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By David BenShlomo

The Philistines have been immigrants from the Aegean area and Cyprus arriving on the southern coast of Palestine/Israel through the twelfth century BCE. They created a special fabric tradition during this sector throughout the Iron Age (ca. 1.200-600 BCE). This booklet offers and discusses the corpus of iconographic representations of the Philistine tradition. The assemblage studied comprises items in numerous media: ornament on pottery, figurative pottery, collectible figurines, ivory carving, glyptics and different goods. The figurative type and symbolism represented within the tradition of the Philistines displays either their bonds with their Aegean native land and the continued strategy of interactions with the neighborhood host cultures within the southern Levant. Iconography therefore offers a massive set of facts for knowing social, ethnic, spiritual and ideological elements of the Philistine society and its neighbours within the East Mediterranean.

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These depictions usually show a mixture of iconographic elements, including Aegean-Philistine, local Canaanite and others. Many examples come from the Iron Age II levels of Ashdod (most well known is the 'Musicians' stand') and the newly discovered assemblage of the favissa at Yavneh (Kletter, Ziffer and Zwickel 2006; Ziffer and Kletter 2007); additional items come from Tel Qasile and other sites. Some of these items could be classified as terracottas or figurines, but these are often not independent objects and are part of larger compositions, such as stands or architectural models.

9). Thus, they do not appear in the earliest (Monochrome) stage, but rather only with Philistine Bichrome pottery (and perhaps only in its advanced stage), continuing subsequently (at least at Ashdod) through the Late Iron Age I and into the Iron Age IIA-IIB-C, though in a somewhat different form. The distribution of this type is also much wider, including examples from Tel Qasile (Mazar 1986: fig. 6: 1), Tell es-Safi/Gath (Schmitt 1999: 611, no. 64 ), Gezer (Dever, Lance, and Wright 1970: pl. 36:3, from a late context; and Dever 1986: pl.

35. Standing hollow ('Phoenician') figurines from Ekron (obj. no. 7309), Ashkelon (MC 45164, Press 2007: fig. 7:4; courtesy ofthe Leon Levy Expedition to Ashkelon) and Ashdod. 78 79 ICONOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATIONS HUMAN DEPICTIONS AND COMPOSITE SCENES cult' (see above, Hadley 2000, and more references therein), were also found in small numbers in eastern Philistia, such as at Ekron (obj. nos. 6159, 6559, S. Gitin, personal communication) and Gath (fig. 36, A. Maeir, personal communication), as well as at other sites in Philistia (Tel Batash, Beth Shemesh and Gezer - see Kletter 1996; 2001; see also Hadley 2000).

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