Download Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine: From Basics to by Fábio Parra Sellera, Cristiane Lassálvia Nascimento, Martha PDF
By Fábio Parra Sellera, Cristiane Lassálvia Nascimento, Martha Simões Ribeiro
This pioneering publication deals an advent to photodynamic treatment, a promising new procedure within the remedy of complicated ailments like melanoma and microbial infections in animals. Addressing all facets, starting from fundamentals to medical perform, it provides the historical past and basics of photodynamic treatment for non-experts. It encompasses a selection of easy and scientific stories in melanoma and infectious illnesses, in addition to illustrations of winning therapy techniques and destiny views and leading edge purposes concerning nanotechnology and complex drug supply. This necessary source bargains readers insights into how the remedy works and the way to use it successfully in day-by-day practice.
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Extra resources for Photodynamic Therapy in Veterinary Medicine: From Basics to Clinical Practice
Example text
Sellera et al. P. R. 1 Introduction Photodynamic therapy (PDT) quickly generates large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce death of photosensitized cells. If such excessive amount of ROS could be found occurring naturally in living systems, it would indeed represent some severe pathological condition. As previously described in Chap. 2, excited photosensitizer (PS) molecules can donate either electrons (type 1) or energy (type 2) to ground-state oxygen to produce superoxide radicals (O2•−) or singlet oxygen (1O2).
In this chapter we discuss the most relevant chemical reactions related to oxidative damage caused by photodynamic reactions to clarify the mechanisms of molecular damage caused by PDT. 2 Type 1 Reactions: O2●−, H2O2, and HO● Photodynamic reactions that harness energy from light to produce ROS are grouped in two types. Type 1 photodynamic reactions start via the donation of one electron from the excited PS (3PS*) to O2 initially producing superoxide radicals (O2●−). Superoxide can give hydrogen peroxide that can produce yet more radicals including the very reactive hydroxyl radical (HO●).
There only a very few exceptions that are stable as triplets in their ground state, and the only one of any practical significance is molecular dioxygen (O2). 7). , photosensitizers) either via one or two electron(s) transitions. Therefore, molecular interactions between excited-state PS and ground-state O2 is a remarkably favored process. Photodynamic reactions rely principally on such intermolecular events. As a matter of fact, other secondary photochemical reactions may have some influence upon photodynamic therapy effects, depending on the photosensitizer employed.