Download Political Violence in Egypt 1910-1925: Secret Societies, by Malak Badrawi PDF
By Malak Badrawi
The homicide of the major Minister, Butrus Ghali, in February 1910, was once the 1st incident of its type to occur in Egypt for over a century, and it mirrored the temper of Egypt's early life on the time. It additionally set a precedent, as a few of the extra severe components of the inhabitants henceforth got here to treat assassination because the simply technique to rid the rustic of these who have been considered as 'traitors', and because the so much powerful expression of political dissatisfaction and dissent. This learn is an account of the conditions that ended in the violence, and an try to comprehend the temper and causes that provoked it.
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Extra info for Political Violence in Egypt 1910-1925: Secret Societies, Plots and Assassinations
Sample text
Technically, as Jawish was a French subject, he could, under the Capitulations, have claimed French protection to avoid punishment. However, on becoming inspector at the Ministry of Education, he had signed a declaration to the effect that he was Egyptian, and he had failed to register at the French Consulate. When these facts were uncovered, he could no longer claim French protection. E. Dossier General v. French Charge d'Affaires to Poincare. No. 396. 12 September 1912. Jawish's condemnation actually boosted the sales of al-Liwa', which had fallen since the days of Mustafa Kamil, when 11,000 copies were sold daily.
88 Later, he was hauled in again for casting Wardani's horoscope, and saying that the Assizes Court had three alternatives to consider, the death penalty, hard labour or acquittal, but that the last of these sentences was impossible. He added that the judgement given by the court would strengthen the Nationalist movement, and arouse very violent criticism by the Coptic and European press. 9o Sympathy for him was not restricted to the general public. The Watani party were very supportive of him, and Ahmad Lutfi, the party vicepresident, and Mahmud Abu-l-Nasr, Muhammad Farid's one-time law partner and friend, volunteered to defend him.
6 May 1909. H. 6/58. 12 April 1909. According to this police report, Isma'il al-Shimi and Ahmad Lutfi, both senior Watani party members, were in charge of the carriage drivers (cabbies)' union and the tramway drivers syndicate respectively. Lutfi would later defend Wardani. H. 6/117. 2 June 1909. The manual workers included artisans, carpenters, tailors, picture-frame makers and stamp-makers. H. 6/38. H. 6/58. 12 April 1909. H. 6/48. 25 March 1909. H. 6/72. 23 April 1909. H. 6/84. 6 May 1909. H.