Download Reactions and Synthesis in Surfactant Systems by John Texter PDF
By John Texter
Reference supplying a finished assessment of surfactant platforms in natural, inorganic, colloidal, floor and fabrics chemistry. presents useful functions to surfactant templating, response chemistry, natural and inorganic particle formation, and synthesis and processing. DLC: floor energetic brokers.
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Extra info for Reactions and Synthesis in Surfactant Systems
Example text
The quaternization reaction is carried out, nor- SCHEME 18 Copyright © 2001 by Taylor & Francis Group LLC mally, at a temperature between 80 and 100ЊC in substance or, depending on the viscosity and/or consistency, in a solvent. Sometimes, primary or secondary amines may also serve as raw materials. First, however, they must be converted to tertiary amines by means of several alkylating methods, ultimately followed by the quaternization reaction (Scheme 19). The last reaction, Eq. (3), is of special interest because of the manufacturing of cationics on the basis of Guerbet alcohols [203].
Spiess, Pollena Tluszcze Srodki Piorace Kosmet. 34(1–2):30–37 (1990). S. K. Friedman, G. Barker, and M. Mausner, Soap Cosmet. Chem.
Both methods have been developed for industrial scale production. , laurates, oleates, or stearates) are produced with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values in a range of 1 to 8. 70 a Private communication (Cerestar, Henkel). According to Chem. Market. Rep. 3/97 and 7/97. b these relatively hydrophobic materials, it is common technology to derivatize the sorbitan esters further by reaction with ethylene oxide to produce sorbitan ester ethoxylates—or polysorbates for short—with HLB values of 10–17, depending on the number of ethylene oxide units attached (Fig.