Download The Culture of Consent: Mass Organisation of Leisure in by Victoria De Grazia PDF
By Victoria De Grazia
The efforts of fascism to shape a 'culture of consent,' or form depoliticized actions, in Italy among the realm wars, make a special portrait of fascist political strategies. Professor de Grazia makes a speciality of the dopolavoro or fascist leisure-time association, the most important of the regime's mass associations. She strains its sluggish upward thrust in significance for the consolidation of fascist rule; its unfold within the kind of millions of neighborhood golf equipment into each area of city and rural existence; and its overwhelming effect at the distribution, intake, and personality of all types of leisure goals - from activities and grownup schooling to videos, touring theaters, radio, and tourism. the writer exhibits how fascism used to be capable, among 1926 and 1939, to construct a brand new definition of the general public sphere. Recasting the general public sphere entailed meting out with conventional type and politically outlined modes of organizing these social roles and needs present outdoor the place of work.
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Additional resources for The Culture of Consent: Mass Organisation of Leisure in Fascist Italy
Sample text
In the end, Giani's exhortations to an indifferent officialdom for support were bound to antagonize. " 37 With the passage of the Syndical Laws on 3 April 1926, the OND rapidly became the focus of rivalry between Rossoni's Corporations, whose power had been considerably reinforced by their legal recognition as extensions of the state, and the Fascist party, which felt increasingly deprived of a vanguard role as Mussolini recovered strongly from the Matteotti crisis. Although no longer autonomous, the fascist syndicates were unified and well organized; since 1925 they had controlled the reconstituted cooperative movement (ENIC), as well as the influential worker welfare institution, the Patronato Nazionale d'Assistenza, founded by Rossoni in June of that year.
Understood in these terms, the organization of consent may be identified as an essential aspect of the achieving of class hegemony. Here one speaks of hegemony in the way Gramsci uses it in the Prison Notebooks to signify the establishment of an integral form of class rule that exists not only through the economic preeminence and political might of the dominant classes, but also through the active involvement of subaltern groups in their social and cultural experiences. " In the former, classes contend ideologically to determine how the society should be organized, with the dominant groups succeeding or failing in creating support or consent for the established order; the latter functions to secure its acceptance by coercion or by the threats of force.
Even the fascist government had only an approximate idea of people's attitudes toward the regime in spite of the constant flow of reports from Mussolini's "natural organs of information" - the prefects, quaestors, and royal carabinieri - and from the many new agents of surveillance - from freelance informers (fiduciari) to Bocchini's efficient OVRA. For every fascist functionary dissembled in some way, exaggerating, embellishing, or concealing, and few people were ever so foolish as to admit their true opinions about the regime.