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By Charles J Esdaile

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Countrymen soon wrought a change in the kind dispositions of this people. When they saw many assurne as a right all which they had accorded from politeness, and receive their respectful attentions and cordial services as expressions of homage due to the courage, wealth and power of the British nation; when the simplicity of their manners, their frugality, the spareness of their diet, the peculiarities of their dress and their 26 The Duke of Wellington and the Spanish Army religious prejudices were made the subject of derision and ridieule; when they witnessed scenes of brutal intoxication, and were occasionally exposed to vulgar insult from uneducated and over-bearing Englishmen .

21 At the same time, Garay employed the command-inchief as a bait to persuade John Hookham Frere to support the removal of the ever-hostile Cuesta from the command of the Army of Extremadura. The ambassador was completely deceived. Impossible though it is to see how he could have believed that any Spanish regime, let alone one so weak as the Junta Central, could have made good such an offer, on 9 June Frere wrote to Wellington to inform hirn that many of its members had come to the conclusion that Cuesta must be relieved of his duties, and further that, 'If Soult's army had been surrounded and taken prisoner ...

At present they think they are sure of us and that they have a right to us, and that instead of every assistance we afford them being matter of fresh acknowledgement, every point upon which we hesitate is an injury and a breach of engagement. 35 Fortunately for the allies, Wellesley was acute enough to realise that the British needed the Spaniards rather more than Canning was prepared to admit. ' The way to restore harmony to the alliance, Whittingham continued, was not to bully the Spaniards, but rather to pour reinforcements into the Peninsula in order to restore its confidence in Great Britain.

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