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By Charles Darwin University
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Extra resources for The Nature of Northern Australia: Its natural values, ecological processes and future prospects
Sample text
Many other fire-sensitive plants are restricted to patches of rainforests, and these may be degraded and lost where exposed to frequent fire. Fire sensitive species are largely restricted to sites that offer some protection from frequent and intense fires, either because they are permanently wet (such as springs) or topographically guarded (such as in gorges and escarpments). Fire regimes affect the ecology of animal species in many ways. Although fires in Northern Australia are typically of relatively low intensity and slow-moving, there may be some direct casualties in any fire.
The timeless grandeur people experience when visiting these landscapes reflects the ecological reality that they have sheltered many species that would have little hope in a more frequently disturbed landscape position. Ecological disturbance Fire is an inescapable element of the Northern Australian landscape. It is a force of destruction, yet can be the most useful of tools. Ultimately, the prevalence of fire is a consequence of the monsoonal climate. Lands baked dry by the long rainless season invite fire and, even in an unpeopled landscape, would have been regularly and frequently ignited by lightning strike.
These questions are deceptively simple. Ecological science has been far better at understanding the workings of single species in simple fragmented systems than it has in deciphering the complex weave of multiple species operating at varying scales of time and space in large intact systems. Nature is bewilderingly complex, but it is that complexity that gives it its viability, resilience and beauty. A recent analysis (Soulé et al. 2004) identified seven key ecological processes and connections operating at a continental scale in Australia: hydro-ecology; disturbances; long-distance biological movements; strong interspecies interactions; climate change and variability; land-sea connections; and evolutionary processes.