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By Christine Haynes

Linking the learn of industrial and politics, Christine Haynes reconstructs the passionate and persistent debate over the advance of the ebook exchange in nineteenth-century France. whereas traditionalists claimed that the enterprise of literature required tight nation law, an more and more influential crew of reformers argued that books have been traditional commodities whose construction and distribution have been top left to the unfastened marketplace. The French Revolution overthrew the procedure of guilds and privileges that had ruled the alternate less than the previous Regime. within the fight that undefined, the hot males often called ?diteurs (publishers) driven for elevated liberalization of the industry. They trusted collective association, specially a certified organization often called the Cercle de l. a. Librairie, to recommend for abolition of licensing necessities and extension of literary rights. Haynes exhibits how publishers succeeded in reworking the from a tightly managed exchange right into a loose company, with dramatic yet paradoxical results for literature in France. the fashionable literary market used to be the result of a political fight either in the publishing global and among the booklet exchange and the kingdom. In tracing the competition over literary creation in France, Haynes emphasizes the position of the second one Empire in enacting—but additionally in limiting—press freedom and literary estate.

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Lost Illusions: The Politics of Publishing in Nineteenth-Century France (Harvard Historical Studies)

Linking the research of industrial and politics, Christine Haynes reconstructs the passionate and chronic debate over the improvement of the e-book exchange in nineteenth-century France. whereas traditionalists claimed that the company of literature required tight kingdom rules, an more and more influential staff of reformers argued that books have been usual commodities whose construction and distribution have been top left to the unfastened marketplace.

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7 Because the division between the functions of printing, bookselling, and publishing occurred so gradually and remained so murky, the title of éditeur was long combined and confused with that of imprimeur and, especially, libraire. Initially, the term éditeur was a modifier or type of libraire. The two words were used together or interchangeably. The compound noun libraire-éditeur was one of several categories of book occupations. In the typology of these occupations, the libraire-éditeur, or bookseller-publisher, was distinguished from the retail bookseller (libraire-détaillant), the wholesale bookseller (libraire-commissionnaire), the antique bookseller (libraire- The Birth of the Publisher 19 bouquiniste), the used bookseller (libraire-étalagiste), and the booksellermoneylender (libraire-escompteur).

After Lucien acquires fame as a journalist (in part by slandering a rival author published by Dauriat), however, the publisher comes begging for the young writer’s work. As a result of his experiences with Dauriat, Lucien loses his illusions about the literary life. In Balzac’s novel, Dauriat embodies a significant change in the structure of the book trade. 1 In the postrevolutionary era, Balzac was far from the only commentator to notice this new social type. In his depiction of the publisher, Balzac echoed themes developed by many other writers.

Despite periodic infusions of capital from outside investors as well as government subscriptions, Canel lasted little more than a decade in publishing, before running out of money and returning to his previous occupation of bookkeeper. As Canel’s case suggests, the The Birth of the Publisher 33 financial situation of the new éditeurs was often precarious. 26 Although the political causes of the emergence of the éditeur have since been overlooked by cultural historians and literary scholars, they were recognized by contemporaries of this new social type.

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