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By Melanie N. Johansen
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Additional resources for Microalgae: Biotechnology, Microbiology and Energy
Sample text
Aside from important issues like product quality and quantity, Microalgae Biotechnological Applications 35 additional points have to be considered (Hallman, 2007). Selectable marker genes, promoters, reporter genes, transformation techniques, and other genetic tools and methods are already available for various species and are accessible to genetic transformation. Large-scale sequencing projects are also planned, in progress, or completed for several of these species; the most advanced genome projects are those for the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, and the three green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Volvox carteri and Ostreococcus tauri (Hallman, 2007).
Katircioglu (2006) have studied ten microalgae strains isolated from different freshwater reservoirs situated in various topographies in Turkey. Their antimicrobial agent production was carried out on various organisms such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Yersinia enterocolitica, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Micrococcus flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans. The findings in this study reveal that activity is maintained against antimicrobial activity of acetone and ether extracts on Gram-negative bacteria; methanol extracts on Gram-positive bacteria; ethanol extracts on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms.
Nutrients (N, P) Removal Systems involving microalgae production and wastewater treatment, allow nutrition of microalgae by using organic compounds (nitrogen and phosphorous) available in some manufactures wastewater, not containing heavy metals and radioisotopes. Additionally, microalgae can mitigate the effects of sewage effluent and industrial sources of nitrogenous waste such as those originating from water treatment or fish aquaculture and at the same time contributing to biodiversity. , 2010).