Download Precipitation Modeling and Quantitative Analysis by Xiaofan Li, Shouting Gao PDF
By Xiaofan Li, Shouting Gao
The ebook examines floor rainfall strategies via cloud-resolving modeling and quantitative research of floor rainfall finances and summarizes modeling and research leads to fresh seven years. The e-book exhibits validation of precipitation modeling opposed to observations and derives a collection of diagnostic precipitation equations. The booklet presents unique discussions of the purposes of precipitation equations to the exam of results of sea floor temperature, vertical wind shear, radiation, and ice clouds on torrential rainfall techniques within the tropics and mid-latitudes, and to the stories of sensitivity of precipitation modeling to uncertainty of the preliminary stipulations and to the estimate of precipitation potency. The ebook can be utilized as a textual content publication for graduate scholars and should be invaluable to researchers and forecasters for precipitation method reports and operational forecasts.
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Extra info for Precipitation Modeling and Quantitative Analysis
Example text
1 (Gao and Li 2010). The precipitation equations are applied to the analysis of surface rainfall processes in SST29 in Sect. 2 (Zhou and Li 2009, 2011), SCSMEX in Sect. 3 (Wang et al. 2007), BILIS in Sect. 4 (Wang et al. 2009, 2010), and PSR in Sect. 5 (Shen et al. 2011). 1 Precipitation Equations The environmental temperature and water vapor, and clouds play important roles in precipitation processes. The clouds grow as environmental thermodynamic conditions are favorable for convective development (Fig.
4 SST29NIR, SST29NWR, and SST29NCR exclude the radiative effects of ice clouds, water clouds, and clouds (both ice and water clouds) by setting the mixing ratios of ice, water, and cloud hydrometeors to zero in the calculations of radiation, respectively. The comparisons between SST29NCR and SST29, between SST29NIR and SST29, and between SST29NWR and SST29, respectively, reveal cloud, ice, and water radiative effects on rainfall. The comparisons between SST29NWR and SST29 and between SST29NCR and SST29NIR show radiative effects of water clouds on rainfall in the presence and absence of radiative effects of ice clouds, respectively.
20 1 Cloud-Resolving Modeling of Precipitation Fig. 14 Vertical distributions of radar reflectivity (dBz) from observation (dash) and simulation in BILIS (solid) averaged in 15 July 2006 (After Wang et al. 4 Equilibrium Simulations with Zero Large-Scale Vertical Velocity The large-scale vertical velocity may include effects of SST and its diurnal variation, cloud radiative and microphysical processes. To examine effects of SST and its diurnal variation, cloud radiative and microphysical processes on rainfall, a series of experiments are conducted using the 2D model that is imposed with zero vertical velocity and constant zonal wind (Gao et al.